Funding: Foundation for Child Development
Summary: The primary goal of this study is to understand how the cumulative primary school experience influences the academic proficiency of English Language Learners (ELL) in the Miami-Dade County Public School System. By primary school experience, we refer to the amount and type of services that students receive in the PK-8th grades from the public school system, including their grade upon entry into the system (with specific attention to the PK and K entry points); the characteristics of the schools, teachers, and peers to which they are exposed; and the types of English language instruction services they receive.